Malcolm X Essay -- essays research papers

The 1950s and 1960s were decades full of powerful speakers. These speakers could motivate people in such a strong way. They were a huge part of the Civil Rights Movement being successful. One of these powerful speakers was Malcolm X. He led a actually interesting, yet tragic life.Malcolm X was born Malcolm Little on May 19, 1925 in Omaha, Nebraska. He was one of eight children. His mother, Louise Norton Little, was a homemaker while his father, Earl Little, was a Baptist minister. His father was a devoted follower of Marcus Garvey, who was the Black Nationalist leader. Malcolm had already moved twice by the time he was four because of threats aimed towards his father from colour supremacy groups. Earl tried to get his family away from groups like the Black Legion but despite his efforts, the Legion burned down their house in Lansing, myocardial infarct in 1929. In 1931, Malcolms fathers body was found mutilated on the towns trolley tracks. Even though both incidents were ruled by police, the family knew the Black Legion was behind them both. Louise had a very hard time with the death of her husband. A few years after he died, Louise broke down and was committed to a mental institution. Because of this, all eight children were split up into various foster homes. Malcolm was always a very injure student. In junior high, he was at the top in his class. Malcolm went through some hardships in school though. One of his favorite te...

Sigmund Freuds The Interpretation of Dreams Essay -- Papers

Sigmund Freuds The Interpretation of DreamsSigmund Freuds The Interpretation of Dreams was originally published in 1900. The era was one of prudish Victorians. It was also the age of the go on Enlightenment. The New Formula of science, along with the legacy of Comtes Positivism, had a firm hold on the burgeoning discipline of psychology. Freud was groomed as both scientist and Romantic, but his sprightlinesss work reflected conflict of the two backgrounds and a reaction against each one. It is my opinion that The Interpretation of Dreams was not simply written as a methodo sensible analysis of deconstructing dreams and assigning them meaning, but its potential content (as it were) was a critique of sciences New Formula, and was designed to question, and even undermine, the possibility of objective methodology in psychology, and indeed in the sciences as a whole.The importance of his innovations were wholly unappreciated Freud was an anomaly. Many of his contemporaries rejected hi s work on the grounds of invalid methodology and inconsistency. Neurologists and psychiatrists today still continue to discount his theories. The point of Freuds subversion of contemporary mental science, was, however, quite missed, and many critics and reviewers continue to systemically assail his work, utterly oblivious to the inclusive meaning of his theories, rather than the meanings of his words themselves.Clinical studies convinced Freud that hysterical symptoms could be analyzed and deconstructed to understandable statements expressive of some underlying and utterly logical thought. From this interest, Freud embarked on a comprehensive study of dreams, and in the process, created a theory that drew meaningful attention to the unconscious, a previousl... ...ertain concepts, such as depth of mind, latent meanings, wish-fulfilments, etc.,--all of which remain valuable in themselves, in spite of Freuds parallel objective of crushing positivistic natural science. Freuds work has provided a prototype through historical findings and future investigations, leaving him as pioneer of the unconscious through his unmasking of dreams. And lastly, in spite of science and philosophys tendencies to work out the theorys weaknesses instead of strengths, the deeper aim of the text, as unmasker of Positivisms weaknesses, can no longer be ignored in its hermeneutic exploration.Bibliography bring up ListFreud, Sigmund. (1971). The Interpretation of Dreams, Volume IV,1900. London The Hogarth Press.Freud, Sigmund. (1968). The Interpretation of Dreams, Volume V. 1900-01. London The Hogarth Press.

Influence of Emerson’s Self-Reliance on Gilman’s Yellow Wall-Paper

Influence of Emersons Self-Reliance on Gilmans chickenhearted Wall-Paper The great writer Ralph Waldo Emerson once wrote, place thyself every heart vibrates to that iron string (p. 1033). How surprised he would be to find out that a half century later this type of thought process would culminate in a growing restlessness among American women unsatisfied with their lives and with their roles in society - a society dominated by men with teeny-weeny or no place for women outside the home. One of these female writers who helped lead the battle for domestic and social reform was Charlotte Perkins Gilman. One of her more particularly physical works is The Yellow Wall-Paper, meant to highlight the submissive and highly undervalued role women play in marriages at the age. Through this work, Gilman expressed her inner frustrations with the servitude women had to endure in their marriages during that time period, and she advocated her own brand of Emersonian non-conformity for women. B y taking such a profoundly dismal outlook on married life, Gilman hoped to inspire other women to seek current roles not only in the domestic, but also public, arena. The Yellow Wall-Paper represents to a large degree what the feminist movement of the late nineteenth century was about, and by analyzing both the story and context of its creation, it becomes apparent the type of interpretation Gilman made of Emersons work Self-Reliance. Although The Yellow Wall-Paper focuses on a wifes sudden decline into madness, the story brings forrad a very important issue - that of womens roles not only in domestic life, but in society as well. It becomes abundantly apparent blush from the first few lines of the story that the wifes views concern her place in the marr... ... written nearly half a century earlier, but wished to apply it to women in distinguish to achieve a similar greatness through liberation. Evidently, both authors have achieved their goals and have become literary founde rs of a new American image created during the 19th century, but transcending the boundaries of time even today. Works Cited and Consulted Boller, Paul. American Transcendentalism. New York Capricorn Books, 1974. Emerson, Ralph. Self-Reliance. Ed. George McMichael. New York Macmillan Publishing Company, 1985. Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. The Yellow Wallpaper. New York Feminist Press, 1973. ------. The Living of Charlotte Perkins Gilman An Autobiography. New York D. Appleton-Century, 1935. Kasmer, Lisa. Charlotte Perkins Gilmans The Yellow Wallpaper A Symptomatic Reading. Literature and Psychology. 36, (1990) 1-15.

Chemestry Assessed Practical :: Papers

Chemestry Assessed Practical Variables The variables for this practical are 1. The metal that it used- magnesium, copper or iron. 2. The list of metal that is used- each occur as long as it is divisible by 0.5 grams. 3. The concentration of the dissolving agent of the consequence- molarity 0.1M or 0.5M. I am going to change the amount of metal. Fair Test To make this a fair test I must keep everything constant except the variable (the amount of metal). But redden the variable must be changed at a consistent rate (going up in 0.5g). Method Apparatus List Copper Sulfate final result (0.5M). Powdered magnesium (15g in total). 2x Beaker. Measuring cylinder. Safety goggles. Measurements I am going to use 50cm of copper sulfate and then us the following measurements of pulverize magnesium 0.5g, 1.0g, 1.5g, 2.0g, and 2.5g. =================================================================== Safety I go out wear safety goggles throug hout the experiment, I allow be careful when I pour the beginning and when I am shaking it I result shake it gently. Equations IMAGEMagnesium + Copper Magnesium + Copper Sulfate Sulfate IMAGEMg + CuSO4 MgSO4 + Cu Method I provide measure out 50cm of copper sulfate solution (0.5M) in a measuring cylinder then add it to a polystyrene cup, as polystyrene is a magnanimous conductor of heat. Before I add the magnesium I will wait until the copper sulfate solution is at a consistent temperature and lead and record the start temperature. I will then add the desired amount of magnesium (as it already weighed out for me) to the copper sulfate solution. I will observe what happens and measure the temperature change from the start to 1 minute and to 2 minutes. I will repeat this twice and then work out an number temperature change for each separate amount of powderize magnesium. If I get a result that is completely different to the other one then I wil l record this as aChemestry Assessed Practical Papers Chemestry Assessed Practical Variables The variables for this practical are 1. The metal that it used- magnesium, copper or iron. 2. The amount of metal that is used- any amount as long as it is divisible by 0.5 grams. 3. The concentration of the solution of the solution- molarity 0.1M or 0.5M. I am going to change the amount of metal. Fair Test To make this a fair test I must keep everything constant except the variable (the amount of metal). But so far the variable must be changed at a consistent rate (going up in 0.5g). Method Apparatus List Copper Sulfate solution (0.5M). Powdered magnesium (15g in total). 2x Beaker. Measuring cylinder. Safety goggles. Measurements I am going to use 50cm of copper sulfate and then us the following measurements of powdered magnesium 0.5g, 1.0g, 1.5g, 2.0g, and 2.5g. =================================================================== Safety I will wear safety goggles throughout the experiment, I will be careful when I pour the solution and when I am shaking it I will shake it gently. Equations IMAGEMagnesium + Copper Magnesium + Copper Sulfate Sulfate IMAGEMg + CuSO4 MgSO4 + Cu Method I will measure out 50cm of copper sulfate solution (0.5M) in a measuring cylinder then add it to a polystyrene cup, as polystyrene is a pestilential conductor of heat. Before I add the magnesium I will wait until the copper sulfate solution is at a consistent temperature and sire and record the start temperature. I will then add the desired amount of magnesium (as it already weighed out for me) to the copper sulfate solution. I will observe what happens and measure the temperature change from the start to 1 minute and to 2 minutes. I will repeat this twice and then work out an norm temperature change for each separate amount of powdered magnesium. If I get a result that is completely different to the oth er one then I will record this as a

Cause for Action Essay -- Essays Papers

Cause for Action Imagine a country where a persons belongings could be taken at any importation and then given to someone else for no apparent reason. Likewise, that same persons culture, their way of life, would be disregarded, and they would be forced to use a peeled language and adapt to a different culture. After the culture is done away with, those who remember it die off rapidly. Even with the declining culture, religious persecution becomes apparent on with the long political conflicts. This very incident occurred at the end of the 19th century. It happened in Ireland to the Celtic culture, but a man by the name of Douglas Hyde wasnt about to let his culture disappear. Thus the Gaelic League was created. Many problems had to pave the way for this unique and distinctive league to form in 1893. It took a previous group, the Gaelic Athletic Association, to motivate the strong opposition of eliminating the Irish heritage. Also the Home Rule Act, set i n place by England, added to date another harsh tone to Ireland. Furthermore the Irish education was showing a bleak outlook for the future. This created a need for Irish independence then making the Gaelic League possible. The Irish population dropped rapidly during the Great Potato Famine causing much of what was left of the Irish speaking state to be no more. The potato was a major crop in Ireland at the time and yet today in the mid 1800s it was their altogether crop because of the amount of nutrients supplied in one potato and the number of potatoes yielded in each acre. The Irish farmers were too poor and had very little money to perpetrate in any other crop except potato. Consequently when a virus went through the land killing most... ...ivities. The League became a base for the Irish spirit to grow. The League declared St. Patricks Day a national holiday and removed a law that banned Irish names from world written on the front of stores. All mail addres sed in Irish that once would no longer be delivered was once again macrocosm delivered thanks to the Gaelic League. The Gaelic League was a savior for the Gaelic Culture and is still very active. Many American cities have their own Gaelic Leagues and many hold athletic competitions still today. St. Patricks Day is also a much celebrated holiday in the United States even for raft who are not of the Irish culture. The Gaelic culture was dwindling fast due to many unfortunate factors, but thanks to Douglas Hyde stepping up and creating the Gaelic League, the Gaelic culture is still going strong today all over the world.

Cause for Action Essay -- Essays Papers

Cause for Action Imagine a country where a someones belongings could be taken at any moment and then given to someone else for no apparent reason. Likewise, that same persons culture, their way of life, would be disregarded, and they would be forced to use a new language and adapt to a different culture. After the culture is done international with, those who remember it die off rapidly. Even with the declining culture, religious persecution becomes apparent along with the long political conflicts. This very incident occurred at the end of the 19th century. It happened in Ireland to the Gaelic culture, but a man by the name of Douglas Hyde wasnt about to let his culture disappear. Thus the Gaelic League was created. Many problems had to pave the way for this unique and distinctive league to form in 1893. It took a previous group, the Gaelic Athletic Association, to motivate the strong opposition of eliminating the Irish heritage. overly the Home Rule Act, set in place by England, added yet another harsh tone to Ireland. Furthermore the Irish education was showing a bleak outlook for the future. This created a need for Irish independence therefore making the Gaelic League possible. The Irish population dropped rapidly during the Great white potato vine Famine causing much of what was left of the Irish speaking people to be no more. The potato was a major crop in Ireland at the time and yet today in the mid 1800s it was their only crop because of the amount of nutrients supplied in one potato and the number of potatoes yielded in each acre. The Irish farmers were too poor and had very little money to invest in any other crop except potato. Consequently when a virus went through the land killing most... ...ivities. The League became a base for the Irish spirit to grow. The League declared St. Patricks Day a national pass and removed a law that banned Irish names from being written on the front of stores. All mail add ressed in Irish that once would no longer be delivered was once again being delivered thanks to the Gaelic League. The Gaelic League was a savior for the Gaelic last and is still very active. Many American cities have their own Gaelic Leagues and many hold athletic competitions still today. St. Patricks Day is also a much celebrated holiday in the United States even for people who are not of the Irish culture. The Gaelic culture was dwindling fast due to many unfortunate factors, but thanks to Douglas Hyde stepping up and creating the Gaelic League, the Gaelic culture is still going strong today all over the world.

Communication and Children

Promote pincerrens speech linguistic execute and talk Speech, nomenclature and communication atomic number 18 closely tied to separate aspects of development. You should hunch what Is meant for each term. Communication Communication Is ab unwrap how you send divulge signals to people. Communication quarter be crackn as a umbrella term as its all about the guidance you subroutine spoken communication and speech as your facial be acquireions, body terminology and your gestures. lecture Language is special, it is a set of symbols its each spoken, written or signed, this way that it raise be phthisisd and understood amidst people.Language hind end be actually abstracted and we often clips for stool this, when electric razorren ar learning the sound of C-A-T the speaker is making the word can and is referring to the cat even if in that respect is non a cat in the room. Linguists suggest that the of the essence(p) feature of a talking to is series of rules that people throw to take c be and affair. Once it Is mastered you should allow the user to convey any occasion they wish. First of all the sisterren volition non be cap satisfactory to use the rules, bambinos result begin by skillful summiting at objects and barely using one word. After a spot they ordain learn how to construct sentences. SpeechSpeech Is vocalists language it Is normally learnt earlier the written imprint of language, in speech the symbols are not signed or written. besides if it is spoken as sounds. The number of sounds that pip-squeakren demands to master will depend on the language that they have or are being exposed to. side has more than 40 distinguishable sounds. Listening Listening is about being able to hear and more importantly understand the speech of opposites. Its some meters referred as receptive speech. Babies begin the Journey of learning to speak by gaining receptive speech, and get them to learn the specific words and phrase a nd what they mean.This Is a referral to any difficultness that an kidskinren has In any iii areas. Some children have a difficulty in producing certain sounds so they will have a difficulty with speech. If a child does not have make eyeball contact this whitethorn mean that they have more global communication desire.. As curtly as a baby is born they begin to learn how to communicate. At first they will cry and learn that their cries will be understood or will be responded to by a freehanded. Babies cries change depending on what they need. Soon when you survey this out and learn whether the baby is tired, bored or just hungry.Babies learn to probe faces the tone of your voice and the body language, they will soon begin to respond to this their selves. Babies will cry if they hear a angry tone or if a adult smiles at them then they will smile back. By the age of one they babies should be skilled at communicating because they are able to point at things that they are interes ted in, they will turn their heads away to fork up that they are not hungry anymore. The babies will likewise recognize when the adult Is happy. not Just are babies learning about the skills of communication they are also learning about the language, usually In spoken form. macrocosm able to communicate and be able to use and understand speech will mean it Cognition covers is a multitude of different tasks, it is mainly about our ability to process and use information that we have gained. An example is a child may see leaves fall of the tree and get told this is because its autumn. The child may see more leaves locomote off and remember and make a connection with what she seen earlier with the leaves and what she is sightedness now. She may remember what the adult told her about autumn and may express to some other adult look leaves are falling is it because its autumn?.She will say it proudly because she has remembered. When she is at post having tea with her mum she may say that the position leaves are falling of the trees because it is autumn. This illustrates the way in which learning takes place, the child has remembered what they seen earlier and connecting to what they are hearing or seeing then come to the conclusion. The ability of the child that has labeled it as autumn will dish out her a dispense. She is likely to notice falling leaves and making the association over and over again.She will also talk and think about autumn without thinking about the park. We can now begin to understand the limitations of body language, gesture and facial expressions when there is no language available. Even though they allow instant communication this does not help the child to understand what is being seen or provide a way in which afterwards the child can communicate what she has seen. This elbow room that children that has basic communication skills of facial expressions gestures and body language, they materialize it difficult to communicate the con cept.Emotional development macrocosm able to control your hold emotions is a major part of aroused development, babies and toddlers struggle with this. But as language develops they find it easier as they can express their postulate, is a child has a tantrum or an outburst it is due the child being frustrated, angry or Jealousy. They tend to b dismissed as the child learns to find a way to talk through and through the way they are feeling. This is why it seems to be a expert thing to name the emotions, when you are actioning with young children. His is so they can begin to understand what the child is feeling and have the slipway of expressing it other than Just physical reactions alone. Behavior Being able to manage your own behavior is all about self-control, young children are impulsive and they find it troublesome to control their behavior as soon as language is mastered childrens behavior changes. It seems like the acquisition of language it helps children to think thin gs over. The children will focus on the consequences of their actions, they will begin to remind themselves of what they need to do or what they should not do.The arrive of this progress is when a toddler goes up to something that have been told not to go near and they point to that object and say no. accessible Development Emotional development is linked as being able to control your emotions. Social development builds on your emotional development. This means you need to be able to recognize this in others and being able to learn how to adjust your behavior correctly and appropriately. This means that having wide-cut communication skills and good language skills is very important. Children need to read peoples body language and facial expressions of others so they can respond correctly.Play is the main mean(a) of solicitation with other children. Language skills become important from the age of three years old. , children tend to speak about what they are doing or when hillier have difficulties, there are likely to have many effects on their development even though the extent to which children get effected it will very depending on the nature of the difficulty. It is severity, its also how the child is supported. Some term effects on development 1. Difficulties in making friends 2. Anger 3. Low levels of confidence 4. Difficulties in learning new information 5.Find it knockout to make themselves understood 6. Frustration 7. Difficulties in applying formation to new situations 8. Withdrawn These are some general terms as there is a broad different between a child that as a slight speech impairment and can use some language to a child that is not using language or understanding any language. The long term development consequences in children who have difficulties with their communication, language and speech are sometimes harder to predict but in general terms you susceptibility find that children later on may have the maintaining 1.Not achieve their p otential 2. unhorse self-esteem 3. Become isolated 4. Find it hard to make and maintain congenatorships 5. Developed antisocial behavior in some cases 6. Not reach emancipation Children who have learning difficulties with their speech and communication skills hey may have a big disadvantage when it comes to their overall development and it may even effect their sprightliness outcome. A lot of babies and toddlers attempt to communicate using their body language or by vocalist sounds or words.It is important that adults know the acknowledge of these communications as sanitary as looking for ways to support children to make the progress there are many ways that we can do this. haggling and level of language One of the skills you need to acquire when prompting childrens language is to execution out the level of language that we need to use with children and find the genius of engage that we need to adopt, babies need use to use an exaggerated facial expression and to point to ob jects that your talking about so they can work out what you mean.Linguists has found that adults seem to be able to change the structure of their language automatically, when they are workings(a) with babies in order to alter it. This is practically important because babes can focus on the key words in a sentence and begin to associate the words with a meaning. The word parents is used to describe the style that adults adopt when working with babies and toddlers. With children who are older and is developing their language, our style inescapably need to change again, instead of you simplifying our language, you may set out to enrich it so that a four year old can develop their vocabulary.Questions By using questions it is a important part in stimulating and protracting the childrens speech, they can show children that you are interested in what they are doing or response and is important to be aware of different styles. Rhetorical Questions A rhetorical question is not really a question because the speaker tends to consequence them their selves. This geek of question is very useful when you are working with babies and toddlers, as it helps the adult sustain gossip while they are busy with the child who may not be able to say much.Rhetorical questions an make the baby and toddler feel involved as long as the adult uses eye contact whilst you are talking to them. The commentary style is one that is very useful as it is allowing the babies and toddlers to hear language even though the commentary must be directed at them, using rhetorical questions with a child that already has language does not work because they see a opportunity to answer the question. Closed questions By using unsympathetic questions it prompts short answers.A example is Did you enjoy that they are useful to engage the child, we often need them when your working with babies and very young children that can use one word answers gestures or body language. For children that have limited l anguage its important to take out the conversation from a closed question. Closed questions can also be safe for children who are anxious or a child that does not know you. This should be seen as a starting point in a conversation. With older children the amount of closed questions should be monitored as they do not hunt down language. It can prevent the child getting a chance to be able to express themselves.Open questions By using open questions it means that your prompting for a longer answer and to help children to think. Open questions work well when that child feels comfortable with the adult as well as when they have significant language so they are able to communicate. Using questions Its often suggested that closed questions are bad and that open questions are good. The reality is more complex as the use of questions really depends on the level of language that child has also how comfortable the child feels. Many skilled immunization will switch to open questions and clos ed questions.The thing that distinguishes the use of questions is generally interested in what the child is saying to you. Poor communicators ask questions without really wanting to know the childs answer. This means that using go out a chills acknowledge. Conversations/ interactions When you look at language and the way it is used in settings and used in the childrens homes it becomes clear that some adults language is used to organize children. This type of language is essential but it is not useful when you are trying to extend and develop the childrens language.For this to be able to happen the children need to be able to have time to talk and interact with an adult. Interactions with babies and toddlers For babies and toddlers early interaction is often quiet play. With a baby you may play peep and with a toddler they may give you a toy and you say thank you to them and then they take it away from you. This early interaction may not seem important but it is essential for the babies and toddlers as they are learning early skills of fun whilst they are communicating. They will also learn about turn taking eye contact and interpreting expressions.Other interactions may also include songs. Babies and toddlers also need to hear a running commentary as if the child can answer the Children that has speech unavoidably to have time where they can talk to the adults. You should note that the children likes to be doing something or has got something to show the adults for this to be able to take place. This is often when the adults takes time to show the children that they are available or goes and sit down. Good communication does not work when the adult is moving about and does not have good eye contact with the person who is talking to you. Information and activitiesChildren and adults need to have something to say to each other, this means that a lot of settings will work on childrens language by planning activities, or they may have books that will help prom pt childrens speech. With babies and toddlers this could mean too have to put out an make such as teddies and toys in a basket that has a lid on. With older children you can have a variety of activities thou can use to stimulate childrens language. It is always important that you build on the childs existing interests as well as being able to provide new things for the children. on the job(p) with parents/ careersA lot of parents and careers under mind the value of or their social occasion in prompting childrens speech and extending their speech. They are more likely to only have 15 minutes a day which they are able to chat to their child without any interruption. This could be when you are walking home or at bath time. As parents have a tough relationship with their child they are able to tune in to them and adapt their language. This means that parents does have the potential to be a good language supply for their child. Many settings provide sessions for parents to learn a bout the importance of their role and build up their confidence.When a child has a specific speech and language need both parents and the setting needs to work together WI the speech and language therapist. Positive effects of adult support When adult support provided for children there is many positive effects. Some of the positive effects is the following 1 . Speech, language and communication skills 2. Emotional development 3. Behavior 4. Social interaction Speech, language and communication skills If a high quality of support is given children can show progress in their speech, language and communication skills.This means working with children can be really rewarding and parents are often delighted in the improvements that children are showing. Social interaction The heart of social interaction is childrens ability to communicate. This means that positive support can quickly make the child more outgoing and confident in their interactions. A lot of practitioners business relati onship that once children have more speech and language the children are able to play easily with other children. Behavior Many children that are finding it hard to communicate or speak will show aggression. They may also be showing a sign of uncooperative or frustrated behavior.Being able to communicate effectively can make a massive difference to childrens behavior. Parents will also note that when they are put acrossing more time communicating with their child that child wills show less attention seeking behavior. Emotional development does the children become more confident, they also will be able to find words to be able to control their emotions and express their needs. Children of the same age will often have different levels of language. This will mean that you need to tell apart the children that has atypical language in order for them to get the support that they need.But you also need to think out how practices and procedures support the children. Settling in For childr en that does not have talk language for a reason like age or because they have a additional need its very essential that they get to know the key person onward any separation is taken. The key person needs to find out from that childs parents how to communicate with that child and learn the skills they use. With the children that are speaking well and can understand us will still need a similar level of care and attention, but they may find it easier to ensconce in as they can express their needs and their feelings.Grouping children A lot of settings may have moments when they need to put children in to stems like when you go for dejeuner or when they are going for a story. It is important that you give a lot of thought in to this as children that has language needs have been grouped sensitively and care experty so they have get the opportunity to interact and get involved. Activities When activities and play opportunities are planned childrens level of language needs to be u se uped as certain activities are required to have a higher level of language and this mean it may not be appropriate for a child who is still developing engage.Language is needed for role play and it is important to think about if the child wants to Join in with role play and needs to have support. The ability to process language will mean that some activities that require children to listen needs to be carefully thought about if there are no visual stimuli which will help the children work things out. Methods of providing support A starting point to be able to support the children with language problems is to consider the age of that child, the childs current level of language and what they are interested in. You should also find out the childs specific needs. AgeThe childs age needs to be considered in relation to the way we work with children. Babies and toddlers is emerging their language and we rely our gestures facial expressions and body language to help them to understand. In a way they need to use these communication tools, we also need to learn how to interrupt them correctly. By the age of three children will have developed sufficient language to be able to form sentences so our style of language will need to change again. Specific needs Its very important that when working with children you know what their milestones are in relation to the child that you are working with.This is because each child needs to be identified quickly so they can gain the support that is necessary. Sometimes a speech and language therapist will be involved and be able to give us specific suggestions as to what kind of type of work that the child needs. Children with cognitive needs alongside language needs will also may need to use Megaton. Megaton is signs that create the visual cues to help them to understand the meaning. Abilities children has language delays, but some children does not have any delays and gets on with language with flying colors, they are hungry for attention and to get language opportunities.You need to think about how challenging the activities are and think about the language opportunities are such as stories. For other children they might like one thing like a train set, so you may sit with the child and make the sounds to encourage visitation. Home language These days children learn English as well as their home language, being able to learn more than one language at an early age is a good opportunity, its very important that you dont make the parents of children feel like there is a problem with that. You need to find out how much English the child has and find out how strong the chills mom language is.It is important that you find out how the parents use their home language, as some parents may choose to only use their home language to their children but other parents may decide to split up their language by using more than one language. Some parents may slip between two languages. If you have a child that comes in to y our setting no using any English you need to be aware that the emotional impact may be hard as they dont use English. This is why a key person system is important, as it is a way which we can reassure the child, for children that isnt have English the progress they need is to acquire English and this can be very quick.This is why it is not a problem if the parents only speak their home language. Linguists takes the view that many ways this is desirable so that the child can gain competence in both languages. When children are not making progress in either their home language or English then it is worth talking to the parents and make it clear that some distinctions in their language use so that babies and young children can work out the sounds and words and which belongs to what language. Its important to remember that children that are learning more than one language are prone to have hearing loss, sight problems and communication difficulties.It is important if they are not making progress to explore these possibilities. Gaps in vocabulary When your working with children that has two language it is important that you are aware they may have specific gapes in their vocabulary. This is because most language is learnt in context. This means that some objects or activities means different things in their home language and in the setting its different as its in English. So this may mean that children may not know some of the common household items in English like tea towel or pillow this means they may not be able to talk about what they have done in the setting to their parents.They may not have the word sand in their home language its very important that you are aware of these gaps and plan activities accordingly. Adapting own language It is important to adapt our style and language to be able to suit the needs of the children. For children with English with a additional need you may need to use more facial expression or point to objects. You might have to simp lify your sentences like oh do when you work with babies and thus style will allow to break in to the meaning of the word.Scaffolding childrens language Children needs to hear phrases and words before they can use them. By scaffolding childrens language it involves talking to children in ways that will be able to help essential for this as As they are likely to spend more time with the child, the can also develop language routines for that child. Recasting and expanding statements As a part of scaffolding childrens language adults should know the acknowledge of childrens vacillations or the attempts of communication and should recast the entente.So that the sentence is grammatically correct, or you can expand the sentence so that the child is hearing a fuller sentence because vocabulary are learnt in context by expanding the sentence from a child means that they can learn more. Giving children time to communicate A lot of adults forget that children needs to have time to be able to process what they have been told and visual the clues in the room before they are able to respond to a communication, one of the common mistake that a adult does is fill up the gaps immediately assuming that the child has not understood or cant think of anything to say.This means that reviewing our own language practice is worth thinking about how much time we are giving children in order so they can communicate with us. It is important that you give time to children who are learning English as they already have another language. They might know what they want to say but they may not be able to say it and need a moment to put it together. Many babies and toddlers process things a few hours after, this may mean when you took him/her to the pond to feed the ducks they was not very responsive but later on when they look at the photos they get very excited and try to talk about the duck.This is why it is useful to repeat activities that children have enjoyed. This is why having photogra phs and video clips can help the children to interact. Facilitating communication between children Childrens social skills and language are connected, sometimes the role of the adult is to help the children to connect with each other so they can communicate. One way to do this is to set up some simple activities that is pleasurable for the children. Having a game that you need to have children to be paired up can work well as it can encourage them to listen to each other and enjoy being with each other.When irking with large groups it has to be organized carefully as children that has strong language skills will find it hard not to shout out. It can be hard for young children to wait and some people will fence in it is unfair that they have to wait. Children who has a stutter can feel under pressure if you have told the other child to be quiet so they can listen to the child. This can sometimes make their stutter or stammer worse. Learning through play Play is Just not a medium for learning physical and social skills it is also used for language.A key skill for adults to master this is by playing with the children in ways f which the children have their own ownership of it. Role play is normally used on older children to be able to get them to develop their sentences and vocabulary, with babys language can be learnt through peep. Play is a very good vehicle for language, its important that the materials you use and resources that are available for children are interesting and satisfying. Many practitioners look for new ways of introducing new materials or the props in to childrens play as it will give children something to talk about.Working with parents, careers and families Parents need to be involved with supporting their childrens language as they are o one time with them parents sometimes will need support to know how to maximize the language opportunities and so some settings put workshops on where parents and children can come to play and learn togethe r. These workshops can give parents more confidence as well as more understanding of the importance of their role in promoting their childrens language. Interests of children Children tend to talk more about things that excite them or what they are interested in. His means that adults are needing to be flexible when working with children and be ready to talk and explore the things the children have noticed or that are interested in. A Autumn walk what the practitioner was hoping to talk about the different types of leaves and the children may have found a pine cone and have to talk about them instead. Day to day activities Sometimes it is easy to forget that free-and-easy routine activities can be fascinating for children when adults allow them to be properly involved. This may mean that you need to allow more time to value those moments in the day instead of Just trying to get through them.Tidying up can either be a quick routine task. In which children will say hardly anything at all. When tidying up the adult and children can have a DOD conversation about where things go, and what toys they dont play with or the ones that does get contend with and travels around the setting. In some settings they organize the packing up so that the key person can work with the child. Some potential activities that can extend the childrens language are the following 1. Dressing 2. Lunch time 3. Tidying up 4. Choosing stories for story time 5. Getting ready to go home 6.Nappy changing and other personal care routines 7. Snack time 8. Setting activities out Working with children one to one Childrens language Scan improve a lot when they spend time in the company of insensitive adults who are able to respond to them carefully, the term language partner is use on this respect. A language partner is good at picking up an individual childs interest and are ready to allow conversation to be able to follow the childs interest. Chatting with children when they are doing a activity is important, by Just sitting the child down to talk to can make them very unnatural and forced.One to one is very valuable, because then the child can talk a their own pace, and does not have to compete with others. One to one works in the EYES settings, the settings would be carried out by that childs key person. As this is a way of strengthening the relationship, as well as the child should have a existing bond with their key person. Working with groups When working with a group of children it can be a Juggling act because childrens language levels are often different this means that they process things at different speeds, it also means that the may process what they have been told in a slightly different way.By organizing a trip to the shop with the children, the children may see another child may see it as seeing a yellow car and another child may see it as seeing post box. If you have a too may children In a group or if the activity your doing is not developmentally appropria te then you may see that the children start to close down, so the opportunity of speech rather than the opportunity for them to open up. They may resort to closed questions, so they can Just answer with one word. This can mean that some children will miss out as they dont get the opportunity to hear or speak full sentences.You can make sure that the group is developmentally appropriate such as three year olds are best in a group of three or four when only elder children can be put in a group with eight, children that are under the age of three does not tend to be able to do group work as easy and find that they will walk away or start to wiggle. Evaluating practice Three are many ways in which you can evaluate your practice with the children, first you may be able to record yourself working with the children, this will help you look at the tone of voice you are using and how much time you give them to respond.. N addition we may follow the childrens progress and see where you have g iven them extra support. By recording the children with a MPH player it can you a baseline assessment of what the child can do, then record them again to see if they have made any progress. You also need to learn how to reflect on the way you work with individual children some children enjoy puppies or talking whilst cooking byte some children talk better when they are playing and you Join in the game.This means that to be able to work effectively with different children you need to be able to reflect on their reactions and adapt effectively. The importance of the environment Its important that not only we work effectively in the trees of our skills with children, UT also the physical environment includes play and activities so it creates opportunities for language. Children and adults need to have something thats worthwhile to be able to talk, environments that are boring or activities that are unchallenged may result in minimal language use.But having settings that are loud and ch aotic also does not help in proving support for reactions for interaction between children and adults. As children may not be able to focus or be able to make themselves be heard. Adults may become distracted if they can see mayhem is being caused on the other side of the room. This can prevent sustained interaction. You should provide environments within and out that works well in terms of communication and meet the range of childrens developmental needs.You should also thing about activities and resources that are available for the children. These activities should interact because they are challenging and interesting for them. Factors that support an effective speech language and communication environment 1. Views of children 2. Activities 3. Specific toys and resources 4. Staff roles and responsibilities 5. Physical environment 6. Training needs and opportunities 7. Involvement of parents, careers and families Physical environment

Open Government Essay

The U.S. and UK present data to people in all sorts of various ways. One way is through with(predicate) internet traffic going to their different websites. This paper will think at four different websites, ii from the US and cardinal from the UK, and comp be and contrast how the data is presented. It will analyze the impact the data has on professional, ethical, legal, security, cultural or social issues and responsibilities. The basic design of the sites, the informality of use, and the type of data presented will overly be comprisen into account. The overall goal will be to get an idea of how these two governments present knowledge to the population they serve.The first site web site is the WHITE category. When entering this site, the first thing the beauty will notice is the big weekly hail topic panning through the top half of the page. This panning image with cerebrate to further information, changes with a few other topics of the day/week which also have link with photos/videos and more information. Another nice aspect is the lack of advertisement. This makes the site standout out as being very professional and important so the reader undecomposed focuses on the topics on the page instead of wondering off or getting distracted.There are the typical tabs above the panning topic which allow the lulu to dive deeper into different categories that are offered which relate to the White put forward such as a Blog divide, Photos & Video, Briefing Room, Issues, the Administration, White House, and Government. When scrolled over, a drop refine menu shows up with more in dept subcategories for that tab. on a lower floor the panning topics, thither is a featured topic, with a small picture and a brief description. The option to range through different topics in this featured section is available. Also underneath the panning topic, taking up a smaller portion of the screen on the right, there is a search engine. When the viewer searches for a word or phrase it basically takes them to a Bing search page with all the results, but all the results are from the WHITE HOUSE website, whether they are articles, relevant posting or blogs, all tied to the website.Scrolling further down the position page further, theres links to several blog postings by White House correspondents, the White House schedule of events and featured legislation (the link actually takes you to the Bill) with the option to comment on pending legislation. Next to these on the right, theres a place to create and sign petitions, the photo of the day, a spot to sign up for telecommunicate alerts and a way to stay connected through Facebook, Twitter, Flickr, Linkin, YouTube, etc. All these different avenues to venture down seem to be placed on the home page in accordance of relevance and popularity. Besides the panning topics, there seems to be a lot of emphases on the blog links. This site is easy to navigate through and there seems to be no wasted space or fill er content and that the links all lead to topics of relevance and interest.Basically this site was intentional for viewers to get an overview of what is going on in and around the White House. Topics are focused on current events and informative blog postings with White House perspectives through the blog writers with a circumstantial bit of posts that aim to strike peoples interests. Links to any information about the government and its components and what they are working on is also readily available. This site seems to be well run and designed for what it was intended to due which is to get information out there that is informative and a little bit of entertainment all relative to what the White House and their people are doing.The website Number 10 is the official site of the British flush Ministers Office. Like the WHITE HOUSE site, the main focus is a panning banner that has the top headlines rolling through and some tabs above to take the viewer to links on News, Policy, T he Coalition, History & Tour, Transparency, and Take Part. There is also a search engine, but it looks to be run by the actual website itself. Under the panning topics taking up the majority of the screen, theres a section, Policy by Department, with around 15 or so thumbnail pictures symbolizing different categories the viewer can click on from Afghanistan to business/economics to education to the environment, etc.The thumbnails take the viewer to a different web page on the very(prenominal) site with an in depth look at the category selected. When the page is scrolled down past the policies section theres the Take Part section and a Transparency Section. Both have links to go further into whatever subtopic is selected. To the right side of these sections, taking up a little less(prenominal) screen space, there is options set up to follow Number 10 through Twitter, Facebook, Flickr, and their own app. Also, instead of using the tabs above the panning topics for some categories, th ey have little sections down the side to click on. Near the bottom, there are three more sections which reference Real Time Energy Use, Meet the PM, and Budget 2012.This was some other website designed to give you information on want is going on in the government, more specifically, the Prime Ministers office, like the WHITE HOUSE site for the UK. Focuses are on what they are doing and ways people can also contribute or Take Part. There also seems to be a theme of being open with their transparency section and the breakdown of energy use and the 2012 budget break down. The Number 10 site is also very user friendly and pretty self explanatory. Viewers can get their information with relative ease through the provided links.All four of these sites the central point is on government. The first two (the WHITE HOUSE, Number 10) concentrate more on the office of who running the specified country, while the latter two circle around a broader spectrum of the two governments, the Senate and the Parliament. Its easy to see the difference between the first two sites and the last two sites. The first two are more tailored towards the President and Prime Minister and are definitely more interactive with videos and pictures, making them more alluring to the viewers. The Senate and Parliament look to be more standardized, especially the Senator site.

Net Present Value and Cash Essay

Need to consider what types and which bills go downs should be acceptd in bang-up budgeting analysis. D& group AD was producing and marketing two major product lines 1. Lift-Off Low suds, concentrated powder. 2. Wave Traditional powder detergent. Questions & Answers . If you were in Steve Gaspers place, would you argue to include the apostrophize from market testing as a cash outflow? If Im Steven Gaspers I would not include the cost from market testing as a cash outflow. The reason is because the cost from market testing was considered as sunk costs. A sunk cost is an outlay that has already occurred, hence by decision under consideration would not been seeed by the costs. Since sunk costs be not additive cost they should not be included in the analysis.In this case initial cost for Blast, $500,000 for test marketing, which was conducted in the Detroit area and completed in the preceding June was consider as a sunk cost and it will not affect Danforth & Donn onlyey La undry future cash flows regardless of whether or not the new branch is built. 2. What would your opinion be as to how to deal with the question of working dandy? Working capital management deals with the management of watercourse assets which are inventories, payroll, and other cash needs and receivables from customers, account receivable, and also procedures financing these assets.In our opinion, have two basic questions involves in working capital policy (i) What is the discriminate amount of authoritative assets for the firm to carry both in total and for each specific account and (ii) How should current asset be financed. Therefore, the most outstanding element in best buys working capital policy is its inventory management. Refer to the Danforth & Donnalley laundry, McDonald show to add another $200,000 in working capital, because they foreshadow this money would never leave the firm and would always be in liquid form, for the first time it consider outflow but hence inflow.In our opinion, some additional cash is required to conduct operations in D&D laundry because additional some cash is take in order to reserve for some contingency, or as a parking place for funds prior to an acquisition, a major capital enthronization program, or the like. That concept has been applied to more complex businesses, where it is used to analyze the effectiveness of a firms working capital management. Under relaxed current assets policy, D&D laundry would hold relatively large amounts of each type of current asset and under a restricted current assets policy telephoner would hold minimal amounts of these items.Current assets are necessary, but there are costs associated with holding them. Therefore, if D&D discharge manage its current assets more efficiently and thereby operate with smaller investment in working capital this will increase D&D laundry profitability. 3. Would you suggest that the product be charged for the use of excess production f acilities and building? Would this opinion change under the hypothetical boldness that needed production facilities for the current line of powdered detergents were at 55 percent of capacity and expected to grow at a rate 20 percent a year and maximum production capacity was 100 percent?What would be the present value of this cash flow given the concomitant that the currently proposed new ingraft would involve cash outflows of $5 million in three years (assuming that acceptance of the Blast project would not affect the size of the proposed outlay, only the timing, and that the new plant and facilities would be operable indefinitely). (Hint Assume that the introduction of Blast would only move the need for a new plant ahead by one year, that the cash outflow would remain at $5 million regardless of when incurred, and that the plant would operate indefinitely. In our opinion, the excess employment of production facilities and building would not be charge into Blast.The reasons of this are- a) When the machine was bought for Lift-Off productions the cost has been calculated and b) In obtaining the machine and building for Blast productions no cash payment has been made. Since the production of Blast will occupy current excess capacity, no incremental cash flows are incurred hence, none should be charged against Blast.Would you suggest that the cash flows resulting from erosion of sales from current laundry detergent products be included as a cash inflow? If there was a fortune that competition would release a similar product were D&D to fail to introduce Blast, would this affect your answer? Yes, it should be treat as an incremental cash flow for the reduction in the sales of the Lift-Off and Wave, referred to as erosion. These lost sales are included because it a cost (a revenue reduction) that the company must bear if it choose to produce the new product (Blast).It will not affect our answer if there was a chance that competition would introduce a simi lar product at time D&D fail to introduce Blast. This happen due to the fact that for constructs cash flow we ignore the competitor effect. 5. If debt is used to finance this project, should the interest payments associated with this new debt be considered cash flows? No. We discount project cash flows with a cost of capital that is the rate of return required by all investors (not just debt holders or stockholders), and so we should discount the total amount of cash flow available to all investors.

Pardoner’s Tale

Dec 1st, 2011 Death. It has many shapes and sizes in go fors and stories. In Chaucers book The Pardoners Tale, it takes the shape of an sometime(a) man. He is very old and weary and seems like a completely innocent character. But, in this tale, he is the cause of three destructions. He is the very embodiment of death itself. The first twine to the old mans identity occurs when he provided the rioters with the directions to find Death. Well sirs, he said, if it be your externalize To find out death, turn up this hunched wayTowards that grove, I left him there today Under a tree, and there youll find him waiting 182-185 In this quote the old man knows he is relation back the rioters where the gold is. He knows it leave turn the rioters against themselves. at once they saw he gold they started plotting to kill from each one other to take the gold for themselves. Another pool cue hinting to you that he is no ordinary old man happens to be when he is talking to the rioters. No t take down death, alas, willing take my life So, like a wrenched prisoner at strife Within himself, I walk alone and waitAbout the earth, which is My mothers entry Knock-Knocking with my staff from night to noon And crying, Mother, open to me before long 142-152 In this segment from the story he is saying that he brush offt die. But, it also shows that he wants to die. In line 152 he says Mother, open to me in brief -152, meaning that he wants to be die and be buried in the earth. Calling the earth his mother. The closing easy-to-see hint is how he changes subject when talking to the rioters. You can clearly see in lines 147-152 that he wants to die.But, when the rioters accuse him of being death or being a spy for death and act like they will kill him he suddenly changes his aim. See how I wither, Flesh and blood and skin / Alas When will these bones be laid to rest? 154-155. here(predicate) is an example of him clearly showing that he is ready for death. Say where he i s or you shall pay for it -178 Once the old man hears this he tells the three rioters where death supposable is. But, he knows that he is sending them to the gold where greed will overtake them and they will kill themselves over it.Pardoners TaleDec 1st, 2011 Death. It has many shapes and sizes in books and stories. In Chaucers book The Pardoners Tale, it takes the shape of an old man. He is very old and weary and seems like a completely innocent character. But, in this tale, he is the cause of three deaths. He is the very embodiment of death itself. The first clue to the old mans identity occurs when he provided the rioters with the directions to find Death. Well sirs, he said, if it be your design To find out death, turn up this crooked wayTowards that grove, I left him there today Under a tree, and there youll find him waiting 182-185 In this quote the old man knows he is telling the rioters where the gold is. He knows it will turn the rioters against themselves. Once they saw h e gold they started plotting to kill each other to take the gold for themselves. Another clue hinting to you that he is no ordinary old man happens to be when he is talking to the rioters. Not even death, alas, will take my life So, like a wrenched prisoner at strife Within himself, I walk alone and waitAbout the earth, which is My mothers gate Knock-Knocking with my staff from night to noon And crying, Mother, open to me soon 142-152 In this segment from the story he is saying that he cant die. But, it also shows that he wants to die. In line 152 he says Mother, open to me soon -152, meaning that he wants to be die and be buried in the earth. Calling the earth his mother. The final easy-to-see hint is how he changes subject when talking to the rioters. You can clearly see in lines 147-152 that he wants to die.But, when the rioters accuse him of being death or being a spy for death and act like they will kill him he suddenly changes his aim. See how I wither, Flesh and blood and skin / Alas When will these bones be laid to rest? 154-155. Here is an example of him clearly showing that he is ready for death. Say where he is or you shall pay for it -178 Once the old man hears this he tells the three rioters where death supposable is. But, he knows that he is sending them to the gold where greed will overtake them and they will kill themselves over it.

Home Food VS Fast Food Essay

Homemade food is often tr expeled as a privilege. slump cost of ready food and its nutrition value become a solution for umteen families who thrust neither condemnation not money to devise at home. Warnings that fast food is not healthy do not stop Americans who treat it as an essential part of their daily diet. As a result, the prevalence of obese and overweight people plummets. If we look at what is behind attractive pricing strategies and delicious tastes offered at fast food chains, all facts nourishment the idea that homemade food is a better choice. The articles _Is Junk Food Really Cheaper?_ by Mark Bittman and _Fast Food Versus Slow Food_ by Nancy Folbre provide equal facts to motivate people to cook at home. Out of these two articles, Folbres unique(predicate) approach to argumentation makes her writing extremely persuasive and logical advocating provision at home.One of the biggest advantages of fast food is that it is really fast. People do not spend much term o rdering their food and eating it on the go. People tend to work more and cook less(prenominal) than they personad to 50 years ago (Folbre). Technological development simplify peoples attitude to food and prep atomic number 18dness all they need is to heat their meals in the microwave oven. Moreover, accessibility of fast food restaurants is becoming better and better. Contrary to this, cooking at home seems less attractive due to the routine related to this process. Grocery shopping, cooking, cleaning up, and developing cooking skills be required. Because beat is the most expensive thing in the world, not all people are ready to spend it on cooking. moreAmericans treat cooking as a note and they are confused that they are not paid for it. Complaints of many Americans about leave out of time for cooking are common however, the popularity of food shows is on the card (Folbre). Instead of cooking, people prefer to watch how others cook.According to Bittman, there are five fast food restaurants per each supermarket in the United States. If people eat at fast food restaurants, they forget about such chores as cooking and cleaning up and have more time to relax by and by work. Overall, it is difficult to argue that fast food restaurants are not convenient. In fact, they are life-saving for many people who work long hours and have no time to care about what they eat. Bittman states that average American family watches TV 1.5 hours a day it means that they have enough free time. They lack motivation to cook and use affordability argument to convince others that their behavior is right. A strong belief that cooking at home is expensive stops people from researching the issue in detail. Many of them even do not try to cook at home before they complain that it requires much money.Folbre uses a strong and persuasive argument to evoke that home food is not as expensive as people think about it. She finds that people need 30 minutes to cook a burger at home. This time includes time fatigued on shopping, washing up, cooking, and serving. While an average burger costs around $4, the cost of ingredients for a burger is $1. Folbre states that 30 minutes spent on cooking can be easily compared to driving to a fast food restaurant or standing in line to get a burger. Homemade burgers become even more affordable is they are cooked for the family because it still takes a bit more than 30 minutes and four burgers are ready as a result. Folbres experiment proves that people can afford to eat at home and it can be economical for their budget. However, time spent on cooking is the reason why many people prefer to eat out.Additionally, fast food is expensive according to both Bittman and Folbre, strictly organic food is also very expensive because it requires special care and conditions to be produced. At the same time, fast food and organic food are two extremes there are many other food products which are not tooexpensive and healthy. Bittman challe nges affordability argument providing a list of alternatives which are budget-friendly. sieve with a simple salad costs less than McDonalds dinner. It does not require developed cooking skills and much time to be ready. There are many TV-shows, YouTube channels and cook books which offer a number of different recipes for all life occasions. Cooking can be fun if people stop perceiving it as a chore. Bittman tries to catch the issue as a whole as a result, his article complexly argues for home food benefits.Nutrition value of fast food is high poor people believe that they need calories and eagerly consume fries and soda drinks. According to Bittman, Americans consume more calories they need a day as a result, it leads to health issue related to weight gain. Fast food is addictive even when people are full, they feel sharp-set after a while. There are special chemicals and flavors added to fast food to intensify its taste and make it desired for people. Ordinary home food contains less fat and sugar which makes it more useful for people. People who cook at home always know what ingredients they use to cook their meal which allows them making healthy choices. Also, it is very diverse and all people can find something simple to cook but delicious.In summary, both writers agree that people who experience lack of time and money often eat at fast food restaurants because they believe that it is cheaper than cooking at home. Some of them complain that they do not have time to cook daily. People always have time but set different priorities some of them prefer to watch TV in the even out and it is their choice. While Bittman tries to persuade people making his argument global, Folbre focuses on the economic side of the issue and creates a solid line of argumentation.I like this specific approach to persuasion more than generalizations sprinkled by random statistics in Bittmans article. Folbre successfully proves her point of view with the help of her experiment sh e rationally counts money and time spent of home cooking to show that it can be economical and fast. Her research persuades me that cooking can be economical showing real examples in life situations. Bittman only lists alternatives while Folbre uses them and checks their relevance. Moreover, itcan be healthier, more nutritious and delicious. Home food contains less sugar and fat while fat is the primary(prenominal) source of calories in fast food. People need to try and decide what is better for their health, schedule, and purse.Works CitedBittman, Mark Is Junk Food Really Cheaper Everythings an stock with Readings. Ed. Andrea A. Lunsford, John J. Ruszkiewicz, and Keith Walters. 6th ed. Boston Bedford/St. Martins, 2013. 660-665. Print.Folbre, Nancy. Fast Food Versus Slow Food. _The_ _New York Times._ July 29, 2013. Web. July 24, 2014.

A PESTEL analysis of Tesco expansion overseas

Tesco first launched their international expansion in 1994. After 11 years their sales have grown to contributing 20%(7 billion) of the total circleover has been from overseas sales. The success of Tesco expansion overseas has primarily been down to the st dictategy of pursuit forbidden immature markets in an early growth stage. These markets have few and week competitors and lots of potential. Tesco expansion overseas has mainly been in Eastern europium and the Far East. Tesco has set up in thirteen countries abroad so far, some of these complicate Czech Republic, Malaysia, Poland, Republic of Ireland, Siameseland and Turkey. This assignment pass on focus on Poland in Eastern Europe, Thailand and Malaysia of the Far East.The assignment will under crap a PESTEL analysis of Tesco expansion overseas. Involving political, scotch, social, technological, surroundingsal and legal come ins that kernel Tesco.There ar numerous political factors that effect businesses. The main factors are legislation, administration agencies and incentives put forward by the governments in order to attract investors. Investment incentives in Poland are really favourable for rotund companies such as Tesco. Polish government offers these incentives mainly to companies that invest more(prenominal) than 10 million. Some of these incentives that the Polish government offer Tesco are, traffic grants, training grants and grants for infrastructure development. There may be problems to businesses through political upheaval, which may result in civil unrest and violent crimes. This civil unrest and violence is a problem that Tesco has faced in the Far East. In December of 2001 an antitank missile hit the office of EL AL Israel Airline. just the Thai authorities believed that the target was a Tesco building adjacent that had received numerous bomb threats previous. The government may also be taking legal action against businesses in order to protect their economy. The govern ment of Malaysia has recently taken action against the large investors in the retail sector. They have recently put a flipper year ban on any in the buff hypermarkets being build in the countries top three cities Kuala Lumpur, Penang and Juhor Bahru. The Malaysian government have also express that they are concerned with the negative affect that Tesco may have on the economy. As a result they have stated that any new hypermarkets that are being planned, are to submit their plans two years in advance. They have also required a socio-economical study to be carried out in advance. This has effect Tesco strategy as they may have to result in building smaller stemmas where there range is less.Economic factors are those that affect the purchasing and using up habits of the consumer. When the economy is decreasing there will be less disposable income and consumer spending will decrease. Even though the countries economy is low, it does not mean businesses cannot service if the right strategy is deployed. With the right strategy businesses may be able to gain market share and increase turnover. Despite Thailands uneasy economic future tense Tesco has decide to invest more capital into their partnership with Lotus.However, Tesco-lotus has shifted their strategy towards the development of smaller projects in downtown areas. This is due to the current economic environment as there is less risk in development small-scale retail stores. This is because they require small budgets and have a decreased breakeven time compared to hypermarkets. Other economical factors are those of unemployment, however companies can exploit these. If a country has a high unemployment rate then they may offer great incentives. The polish government offers companies such incentives as* Reimbursing the cost of high ring an unemployed person for up to twelve months.* Reimbursing up to 50% of the cost of training employeesTesco can take advantages of such incentives when employing Polish sta ff as it has invested over 10 million pounds.Sociological factors are those that affect the business through the people of the country. Income distribution is a sociological factor if there are a high percentage of people with a low level of income there will be a large market for inferior goods. In Thailand there is a large class destine between high-level income and low-level income. To declare the effects of this divide the Thai government have create legislation that states that brands of prestige must have the same amount of advertising of those of inferior goods. Tesco has adhered to this through the amount of shelving length rented for products. Another factor that affects business through sociology is that of the attitudes in which the population has on such aspects as work and leisure.Businesses need to take into account that different countries will have different attitudes. In Poland where the population is mainly of Roman Catholic belief, leftwing political parties ha ve accused Tesco of undermining the traditional Polish values of home, family and church. These views have mainly come from the poorer rural population who are suspicious of foreign investors. Mobility of the population is also important. If the countries population is less mobile, then the retail outlets of goods must be upright to the most densely populated area. In Thailand Tesco has started to focus more on smaller convince stores that will be situated closely to the customer.The technological environment is very important for businesses as it can increase efficiency and decrease costs. Technological advancement is import for many governments as it encourages development and new opportunities. The Thai government have praised Tesco for the use technology in environmental issues. Tesco Lotus has achieved increased energy efficiency through technological advancement in chillers lay operation and personal credit line conditioning unit. Tesco has created a more efficient operatio n that lowers energy consumption and emissions into the atmosphere. Other technological factors include discovery and development of new technology. This may help companies with efficiency and may help businesses to enter new markets. Tesco had already launched its .com operation in the UK and had become rather successful. They then in turn took this new technological idea and brought it to Thailand. Thus creating a new market and higher revenues.Technological development means that businesses can better themselves, making them more efficient and can decrease costs. Tesco has recently proposed to use RFID (radio frequency identification), these new tags will allow Tesco to monitor their products development through the supply chain. This will allow Tesco to monitor their temperatures more effectively. The temperature monitoring is important as it is through the supply chain where most of the salmonella outbreaks occur. Another development that Tesco has recently been apart of is a n ew IT system named the Intactix space planner. This will allow the planning team of new stores to be more productive. The space planner uses 3D technology to create planners for store and shelving layout.Environmental factors have become increasingly important over time. Environmental factors pose worldwide issues for businesses. Businesses need to be aware of two major factors when feeling at the environment. Firstly is the usage of raw materials. Energy used by all businesses is mainly arises from fossil fuels which are running out at a high rate. Companies may also need to look at other aspects of material such as wet usage. Which is already a problem in some US states. Tesco Lotus has taken large steps to combat their raw material and energy usage. Tesco lotus has created their first Green Store. This Green Store is tell to be leading the way in energy conservation and environmental management in the retail section. Some of the key features of the green store include* Solar P anel Lighting System* Reduced heat radiation through extensive use of natural light* The recycling of rain water as well system water* Non lead paint* CFC free refrigerators* A totally asbestos free siteAnother key issue with the environment is pollution. Businesses need to be aware of the consequences of their actions on the environment. Many businesses today have started taking the effect on the environment very seriously and are introducing policies of recycling and lowering of emissions. These energy efficient policies can also save the company money in costs. Tesco Lotus reduced surplus airflow of the air conditioning unit, which lowers the electricity usage and saved the company 2 million baht. Further electricity usage reductions were made by reducing the lighting strength by 20% which saved an overall 30% of the electricity bill saving the company over 12 million baht. Tesco is also trying to slashed down on transport emissions through usage of railway systems. This allow s fast economical usage of systems already in place. However the problems with sub contracting is the miss of control in which businesses have over the contractors.The final stage of the analysis is Legal. Legal issues can interlink heavily with political. These issues that affect the business are those in which the business must comply with. Businesses must comply with government rules and regulations concerning areas like health and safety and product safety. Tesco product safety remains heavily on their chilled items, such as meat and dairy. To combat any area of salmonella poisoning they have created a system called the cold chain. This allows a product to be out of a refrigerated environment for no more than twenty minutes. If Tesco were found to be a course of an outbreak then there would be large consequences. Employment lawfulness is another issue that affects Tesco.In different countries there are different laws. Tesco will have to adhere to laws such as rate of pay and e mployee conditions. Tesco Lotus has just failed to win a court case involving paying their workers over time on bank holidays. Tesco were seen to be outside the employee law and therefore were ordered to pay their workers a total of 35 million baht to a total of 8500 employees. There has also been inquest in the allegations of Tesco suppliers of forcing suppliers to sell their invoke below cost. Tesco has also been accused of charging suppliers fees in order to sell their products. The Thai government have stated that these unethical business strategies are not welcome.In my view the most important factors are those of the political and technological. Political problems plague companies looking to expand aboard as they have a large control of what companies can and cannot do. Technological factors are also extremely important as technological advancement can mean efficiency and being able to extend any competition.

Marketing strategies of the mass-market chocolate industry Essay

This report is an evaluation of the marketing strategies used in the mass-market chocolate confection industry in the United Kingdom (UK). The four brands this report studies in particular be Cadbury, Galaxy, Kit quat, and Maltesers. The UK mass-marker chocolate confectionary market is the biggest in the European Union and sales are to a great extent reliant on a solid marketing strategy. Using the four brands mentioned above this report investigated the following, segmentation, targeting and aligning, consumer vendee behaviour, promotion, pricing, product, and placement, social media strategies, and communication strategy.Fin in ally, this report gives critiques on the effectiveness of the marketing strategy for the four selected brands and recommendations on how they world power improve. Of the four brands studied, unless Galaxy uses demographic segmentation by focusing on women but all four use behavioural segmentation by focusing on benefits sought from eating chocolate. Cadbury targets notional individuals, galaxy targets the indulgent types, Kit Kat targets tired employees, and Maltesers targets those in search of guilt free chocolate.Cadbury positions itself as a creative brand, galaxy as a treat, Kit Kat as a wound bar, and Maltesers as the lighter way to enjoy chocolate Chocolate is an impulse good and need credit rating is usually stimulated upon seeing the packaging, where as information search is usually omitted or happens very quickly. When it comes to evaluating alternatives consumers, positioning and brand personality come into play. Finally, the choice to buy or not to buy happens very quickly.Cadbury was the only brand found stay in contact with consumers post-purchase by sharing recipes that one could make with Cadbury products. for each one of the four brands use adverts, sales promotion, sponsorship, and social media to increase brand awareness. However, no promotional material gives information about pricing because retail outle ts set their own prices. Most mass-market chocolate bars are slightly the same price and can be found near tills at retail supermarket outlets as sanitary as off-license stores across the nation.All four brands are connected to their consumers via social networks, with the exception of Galaxy and Maltesers who do not have twitter accounts. Each brand uses social networks to reinforce their positioning strategy. Cadbury uses it to encourage creativity and audience participation, Galaxy uses it to remind women of the irresistibility of chocolate, Kit Kat uses it to remind its fans to take a break, and Maltesers uses it to commemorate is 75th birthday.This report concludes by recommending that Cadbury should identify a clear branding message because currently its adverts are always open to interpretation. Galaxy should stay in touch with customers post-purchase with recipes for irresistible chocolate desserts. Kit Kat should continue having a strong focus for all communication mate rial and Maltesers should communicate its original message, a lighter way to enjoy chocolate, more explicitly.

Discussing the character of Charles Darke Essay

Charles Darke is a character of huge importance in the novel because he embodies so some of the novels themes and is key to Stephens recovery after his loss of Kate and future journey. Events involving Charles Darke are not scarce probatory to the plot but also teach the reader a lot approximately the movement of measure and the confusion and issues surrounding childishness.The readers world to Darke shows him as a successful man in his publishing fast(a) who has man successiond to acquire respect and power (New York and Frankfurt were on the line) as yet as the introduction continues the reader begins to see that under the sur plaque he has a more childish side to him as he relishes receiving attention making expansive remarks to a young writer was one of the more delectable perquisites to his profession. Even before his breakdown his youthful nature is evident for example choosing his political keep story is described as a parlour game.Darke is one of the characters th at McEwan uses to present the major theme of childhood and adulthood, there is a constant conflict present within Darke of be a child and of being an adult. His successful political career shows that he must have debating skill and great intellect provided at the same time his juvenile personality also breaks through. Having acted as a parental count on after the loss of Kate it is tragic that he should regress so rapidly away from reality.It is not only Darkes contrasting personality which warns the reader of what may occur later, he is obviously unsettled as shown by his rapid career moves and house move from Eaton Square to the countryside. Thelma also describes to Stephen how he lost his take and had a cold upbringing with his father suggesting that Darke did not experience childhood at all. Charles Darke also jumped like a shot into being a successful and married businessman therefore missing out on all primal(p) lessons that many adults learn through their mistakes.Ju st before the reader is introduced to Darke there is correct a knotty echo of what will happen later as Stephen describes a picture a grim- take cared crow with a stethoscope round its neck taking the pulse of a pale young boy who appeared to have locomote out of a tree. Darke shows the reader a disquieting reaction to time because instead of touching forwards he moves backwards, the reader sees personal and sometimes eerie moments involving Darke, these help McEwan to show the reader what a precious state childhood is and how time jackpotnot be manipulated.Darke also embodies the theme of politics. Not only does he move the political plot forward by getting Stephen onto the committee but he is also the reason that Stephen meets the Prime Minister. The novel was written during the Thatcherite era of the 80s and this is clearly reflected in the greenback of the book and McEwans opposition to this right-wing rule. Stephen Lewis is cynical about the Conservative views that Darke has decided to take on and the short, abrupt syntax that McEwan uses emphasizes his suspicions of the government in power. It is a cruel irony that, like the Beggar Girl, Charles eventual(prenominal) shoemakers last is a result of his political career and the harsh culture surrounding him.Different opinions can be taken on what Darkes specific role is within the novel. He clearly is measurable for McEwan to carve in the political aspect of the novel and McEwans own political views however his throwback back into childhood carries a much more complicated message. The title of the book The Child in Time at first may seem to describe simply Stephens loss of Kate however one can go much deeper and find that perhaps what McEwan is trying to show the reader is Stephen and Darkes search for their own child in time.While Stephen searches constantly for the physical Kate he also looks for her in time through memories and visions of her growing up. Darkes search for the child in time is d ifferent, he has had no childhood of his own so he searches for it and eventually finds it by regressing into boyhood. On the surface McEwan presents this as a natural step but it is actually quite disturbing and this is shown by the smile on his face at death. The conflicts within Darke show the reader the bitter sweet nature of childhood, while Darke is happy and raffish he also believes himself invincible and this eventually causes his death.Charles Darke is also important for the readers understanding of Stephen Lewis. It is because of Darke that Stephen meets Thelma who is important as she looks after both of the characters and gives the reader another way to look at time. The reason that Thelma chooses Stephen as the one person who she allows to see Charles after his breakdown is because she knows that he will not judge or condemn and it is important for the reader to know this feature of his character. Stephen has experienced loss and thought endlessly about childhood and is therefore understanding about Darkes regression. The reader also learns about Stephen through the contrast of the characters. Darke be mystifys bureau of the right wing government while Stephen is saddened by the two tribes in the Supermarket.Stephen sees Charles Darkes death first hand and this may help him reach an understanding about his loss of Kate because he has to come face to face with the reality that she too maybe dead. The fact that Darke dies with a smile on his face may remind Stephen that if Kate is dead then she has at least died in a happy part of her life and has not yet lost her innocence. Darkes relationship with Thelma can also be contrasted with Stephens relationship with Julie. As the novel progresses Thelma becomes more and more of a mother figure to Darke and her older age implies that it has never been a marriage of passion and deep love but one of a vernacular understanding, acceptance and care. In contrast to Darkes seemingly sexless marriage Julie and Stephen have a much more real and natural relationship where there high points and low points are kept unavowed and by the end their genuine love for one another is clear.Darke offers McEwan the means to show the reader his themes of time, childhood and politics but he also has deeper significance. Darke shows the reader how childhood, or the lack of it, effects ones whole life and how reaching adulthood is a continuous process that may never end. The search for The Child in Time by Darke is an emotional and metaphorical journey that eventually liberates him from the stresses and pressures of his hectic work life even if it does ultimately cause his death.

Civilized or Uncivilized

Civilized or un civilise Civilization is a limitless multiplication of unnecessary necessities. -Mark Twain In Montaignes essay on Cannibals, those people living in the un train societies be first referred to as noble savages. However, most Europeans, at that time, believed that the people without the benefits of Christianity and civilization can not be regarded as civilized or advanced. Montaigne holds his ideas and specifically illustrates the reasons of the cordial norm that uncivilized people seem barbarous are that they seduce received little casting from the human intelligence and are very close to their original simplicity.Montaigne also criticizes the barbarian actions of civilized European society such as torturing prisoners. He also branches out topic to valour and believes that on-key victory lies the prize of valour, not winning itself. Based on the ideas of Montaigne, civilized world is not as perfect as people thought, and motivate readers to rethink what civilizati on is about. What I learn from that essay is that civilized people may sometimes have extremely uncivilized behaviors, and uncivilized people also have their civilized aspects.For those uncivilized people, in this essay, it is said that two things are the most important of their life which are resolution in battle and affection for their wives. Although their way of life seems limited, they live happily with their way of life. I admit their life are simple, solely not uncivilized or barbarian. Their fighting is noble and magnanimous because all they want to do is to show their valour which is also what people living in civilized societies want.However, we label them with uncivilized by reference to the laws of reason and social norms created by completely different cultures of us, and hang in doing the barbarian behaviors which are not belong to our perfect society such as killing the exculpatory in order to develop new territories. The action of judging another culture unciviliz ed very shows the weakness of civilized society. Therefore, the difference between both sides are not civilized or not, but the different cultures. All those different cultures make this world more colorful. Montaigne uses Platos words in this essay to commemorate various societies or ations,which I agree with most part of those words. It is said that all things are produced by either nature, or by chance, or by art the greatest and most beautiful by one or other of the first two, the least and most imperfect by the last. I agree that things are produced because of those three reasons, but I dont think any one is better than another, because everything has its have reason of existing. All the different cultures make up of civilization, therefore, as Mark Twain said, civilization is necessities no matter they are necessary or not.

Did the Indian Mutiny of 1857 Create the British Raj?

Did the Indian Mutiny of 1857 create the British Raj? The Indian Rebellion of 1857, which was also called the Indian Mutiny, or the War of Independence was a turning point in the history of Britain in India. However, whether this lead to the formation of the British Raj, will be explicitly explored in this essay. The atomic number 99 India Company traded in cotton, silk, tea and opium. They won over Bengal after gaining victory in the Battle of battle of Plassey in 1757, under Robert Clive.The East India Company functioned as the military authority in growing sections of India, as well. By 1770, heavy taxation and other policies had left millions of Bengalis deprived. While British soldiers and traders made their fortunes, the Indians starved. Between 1770 and 1773, round 1/3 of the population died from famine. At this time, Indians also were barred from high office in their confess land, which meant people like Robert Clive had more opportunities and privileges. The British consi dered them inherently corrupt and untrustworthy.The Company began to vigorously expand its field of honor of control in India, making it easier for young aristocrats from Britain to exploit its potential. The British felt there were two supportive economic benefits provided by the India. It was a captive market for British goods and services, and served defence needs by maintaining a large standing armament at no cost to the British taxpayer. Amongst these benefits were the large scale great(p) investments in rail styles, canals and irrigation works, shipping and mining the commercialisation of agriculture and the establishment of an education system in English.This emphasize law and order creating suitable conditions for the growth of industry and enterprise and the integration of India into the world economy. Conversely, the British Raj ar criticised for leaving Indians poorer and more prone to devastating famines exhorting high taxation in cash from penniless people. Also, run Indian revenues to pay for an army beyond Indias own defence needs and servicing a big debt. This was the result of the economic power left in British hands. In 1784, the Board of Control was established, this gave British Parliament he right to oversee all aspects of the East India Company. The Governor General managed the Board of Control, he was was appointed by the British Government, this meant that the British had control over the east India Company, giving them the power to get down restrictions on certain prospects. in that respect was a great deal of racial distrust between the British and Indians living in India at the time of the British Raj. Moreover, many Indians despised the English, they felt that they were only concerned about their own Industrial Growth this made them uneasy with the new Alien Rule.Many were unhappy with the speedy cultural changes imposed by the British. They worried that Hindu and Muslim would be Christianized, mainly by the missionaries . There is some truth to these statement, but there were a number of other underlying causes for the rebellion. The Indian soldiers were believed to be under a double endure, both a military and religious principle, which meant the two often came into conflict, causation them vast problems. One of these problem was the cause of The Great Rebellion.The main reason the Indian Sepoys mutinied against their British commanders was because they had hear that the newly issued rifle cartridges were greased with pig and cow fat, making them unacceptable for both Hindu and Muslim soldiers. This led to a monumental outbreak, as the Muslims and Hindus rebelled ceaselessly. What started as a small conflicting group of Indian soldiers from a single regiment, soon expanded to a vast number of Indian Sepoys fighting for their rightfulness and freedom.Following the Indian Mutiny, the East India Company was abolished by Act of Parliament and the British crown assumed beat discover of India. The British use violence and negotiation to put an end to the Uprising, resorting to merciless tactics to revitalize order. This created resentment, opportunity for revenge and long-term problems. They used fear to breed control, which was very disorderly. The British dispatched more host to India and eventually succeeded in putting down the mutiny. Many sepoys who had surrendered were executed by British troops.To ensure that British rule could never be threaten in such a way again the Indian Army was reorganised so that it needed its British components to function effectively. Alter inherently, the British should have dealt with this issue in a more political and diplomatic way, instead of as an act of vengeance. The conflicts of 1857 and 1858 were brutal and bloody, The bitter legacy of murder and mutilation of atrocities committed by both sides circulated in newspapers and illustrated magazines in Britain, poisoning relationships for decades.The Government of India act 1935 gav e Indian provinces more independence. For the first time direct elections were introduced and the right to vote was increased from seven million to xxxv million. The British disposal never actually intended to take control of India, but when British interests were threatened the government had to step in. The embodiment of the new British rule in India was the office of the Viceroy. British rule from the time after the mutiny is often called the Raj.During this period small amount of British officials and troops (about 20,000) command over 300 million Indians. This was often seen as evidence that most Indians accepted and even sanction of British rule. Undoubtedly, Britain could not have controlled India without the co-operation of Indian princes and local leaders, as well as broad be of Indian troops and many others. Moreover, British rule of India was maintained by the fact that Indian ball club was so divided that it could not unite against the British.In fact, the British encouraged these divisions. The British embarked on a barbaric policy of Divide and Rule, fomenting religious hatred as never before. The better-off classes were educated in English schools. They served in the British army or in the civil service. They effectively joined the British to rule their poorer fellow Indians. For much of the 1800s the average Indian peasant had no more say in the way they were ruled than did the average worker in the United Kingdom.The British view tended to portray British rule as a charitable exercise they suffered Indias environment (climate, diseases) and in return they bought India a good government and economic development (railways, irrigation, medicine). On the other hand, Ruling India brought huge benefits to Britain. Indias huge population made it an good-natured market for British industry. In the 1880s, about 20% of Britains total exports went to India. By 1910 these exports were worth ? 137 million.India also exported huge quantities of goo ds to Britain, especially tea, which was drunk or exported on from Britain to other countries. Then there were the human resources. The Indian army was probably Britains single superlative resource. Around 40% of Indias wealth was spent on the army. This army was used by Britain all over the world, including the First and Second World Wars. It was the backbone of the power of the British empire. In 1901, the British viceroy of India, Lord Curzon, said As long as we rule India, we are the greatest power in the world.If we lose it we shall straight-away drop to a third rate power. Overall, I have a mixed opinion on whether that Indian Mutiny of 1857 did actually create the British Raj. They used the aforesaid(prenominal) tactics the East India Company used, divide and conquer. They broke India up into small kingdoms and put a native Raj in power over that Kingdom. In this way no Raj had enough power to challenge British Rule. Therefore, I have come to the conclusion that the Indian Mutiny did in fact contribute towards beef up the British Raj, yet did not ultimately create it.